LF-to-2.5GHz Dual Logarithmic Detector/
Controller for Power, Gain, and VSWR Measurements
The differential RF inputs allow for the measurement of
broadband signals ranging from low frequency to
The input power level can be determined by the following
equation:
2.5GHz. For single-ended signals, RFINA- and RFINB-
are AC-coupled to ground. The RF inputs are internally
biased and need to be AC-coupled. Using 680pF
P RFIN _ =
V OUT _
SLOPE
+ P INT
P RFINA ? P RFINB =
capacitors, as shown in the Typical Application Circuit ,
results in a 10MHz highpass corner frequency. An
internal 50 Ω resistor between RFINA+ and RFINA- (as
well as RFINB+ and RFINB-) produces a good low-fre-
quency to 3.0GHz match.
SETA, SETB, and SETD Inputs
The SET_ inputs are used for loop control when the
device is in controller mode. Likewise, these same
SET_ inputs are used to set the slope of the output sig-
nal (mV/dB) when the MAX2016 is in detector mode.
The center node of the internal resistor-divider is fed to
the negative input of the power detector’s internal out-
put op amp.
Reference
The MAX2016 has an on-chip 2V voltage reference.
The internal reference output is connected to REF. The
output can be used as a reference voltage source for
the comparators or other components and can source
up to 2mA.
OUTA and OUTB
Each OUT_ is a DC voltage proportional to the RF input
power level. The change of OUT_ with respect to the
power input is approximately 18mV/dB (R 1 = R 2 = 0 Ω ).
RFINA
where P INT is the extrapolated intercept point of where
the output voltage intersects the horizontal axis.
OUTD
OUTD is a DC voltage proportional to the difference of
the input RF power levels. The change of the OUTD
with respect to the power difference is -25mV/dB (R3 =
0 Ω ). The difference of the input power levels (gain) can
be determined by the following equation:
(V OUTD ? V CENTER )
SLOPE
where V CENTER is the output voltage, typically 1V, when
P RFINA = P RFINB .
Applications Information
Monitoring VSWR and Return Loss
The MAX2016 can be used to measure the VSWR of an
RF signal, which is useful for detecting the presence or
absence of a properly loaded termination, such as an
antenna (see Figure 1). The transmitted wave from the
power amplifier is coupled to RFINA and to the anten-
na. The reflected wave from the antenna is connected
to RFINB through a circulator. When the antenna is
missing or damaged, a mismatch in the nominal load
V REF
CSETL
LOGARITHMIC
RFINB
DETECTOR
LOGARITHMIC
DETECTOR
COUTL
COUTL
TRANSMITTER
COUPLER
ATTENUATOR
OUTD
SETD
OUTD
CIRCULATOR
MAX2016
20k Ω
GND
Figure 1. VSWR Monitoring Configuation
______________________________________________________________________________________
11
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